乳腺癌

概述

什么是乳腺癌

Breast cancer is cancer that starts in breast tissue. Tumors can sometimes be felt in the breast in the form of a lump or a mass. A mammogram is a low-dose x-ray that looks for changes in breast tissue. Breast cancer can occur in different areas of the breast such as ducts, lobules, or the tissue in between. There are subtypes of breast cancer based on characteristics of the tumor cells.

Endocrine receptor-positive or hormone receptor-positive (HR+): Estrogen-receptors (ER) and/or progesterone-receptors (PR) found on breast cancer cells grow in response to estrogen, progesterone, and other hormones.

HER2-positive (HER2+): HER2（人表皮生长因子受体 2）是一种出现在一些乳腺癌细胞表面的蛋白质。

Breast cancer can be positive for one, both or neither of these features. HR+/HER2- is the most commonly diagnosed type of breast cancer in the US. If the cancer is not positive for hormone receptors or HER2, it's called triple negative.

Mutations in BRCA and PI3K genes may also influence treatment options. Treatment options depend on the stage and subtype of cancer and may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy.1

乳腺癌有多常见

The American Cancer Society estimates approximately 297,790 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed in women in 2023. It is the most common cancer in women in the United States, with the exception of skin cancers. Breast cancer accounts for nearly 30% of new cancer cases in women. Although most breast cancer is found in women, men can also get breast cancer.2 3

查找支持

There are many organizations that support research and advocacy for Breast cancer. 下面是其中部分组织。

乳腺癌组织

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